ISBN - Wikipedia Jump to content Main menu Main menu move to sidebar hide Shawagi Babban shafi Kofan al'umma Labarai Sauye-sauyen baya-bayan nan Shafin cinke Tutorial Binciko Binciko Appearance Bada gudummuwa Ƙirƙiri account Login Zaɓaɓɓin kayan aiki Bada gudummuwa Ƙirƙiri account Login Contents move to sidebar hide Farawa 1 Tarihi 2 Dubawa Toggle Dubawa subsection 2.1 Tsarin bayarwa 2.2 Rukunin rukunin rajista 2.3 Abun rajista 2.3.1 Tsarin harshen Ingilishi 2.4 ISBN-10 duba lambobi 2.5 ISBN-10 duba lissafin lambobi 2.6 ISBN-13 duba lissafin lambobi 2.7 ISBN-10 zuwa ISBN-13 2.8 Kurakurai a cikin amfani 2.9 eISBN 3 Tsarin EAN da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin barcodes, da haɓakawa 4 Duba kuma 5 Bayanin bayani 6 Manazarta 7 Hanyoyin haɗi na waje Toggle the table of contents ISBN 161 harsuna Afrikaans Alemannisch አማርኛ अंगिका العربية الدارجة مصرى অসমীয়া Asturianu अवधी Azərbaycanca تۆرکجه Башҡортса Basa Bali Boarisch Беларуская (тарашкевіца) Беларуская Български भोजपुरी Banjar ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ বাংলা Brezhoneg Bosanski Català 閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄ Cebuano کوردی Čeština Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch ދިވެހިބަސް Ελληνικά English Esperanto Español Eesti Euskara فارسی Fulfulde Suomi Føroyskt Français Frysk Gaeilge Galego Avañe'ẽ Bahasa Hulontalo Ghanaian Pidgin ગુજરાતી עברית हिन्दी Fiji Hindi Hrvatski Hornjoserbsce Kreyòl ayisyen Magyar Հայերեն Արեւմտահայերէն Interlingua Bahasa Indonesia Igbo Ilokano Ido Íslenska Italiano 日本語 Jawa ქართული Taqbaylit Қазақша ភាសាខ្មែរ ಕನ್ನಡ 한국어 کٲشُر Kurdî Кыргызча Latina Lëtzebuergesch Ligure Lombard ລາວ Lietuvių Latviešu Madhurâ मैथिली Мокшень Minangkabau Македонски മലയാളം Монгол ဘာသာမန် मराठी Bahasa Melayu Malti မြန်မာဘာသာ مازِرونی नेपाली Nederlands Norsk nynorsk Norsk bokmål IsiNdebele seSewula Chi-Chewa Occitan ଓଡ଼ିଆ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ Papiamentu Naijá Polski پنجابی پښتو Português Română Русский Русиньскый संस्कृतम् Sardu Sicilianu Scots سنڌي Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски တႆး සිංහල Simple English Slovenčina Slovenščina Gagana Samoa Soomaaliga Shqip Српски / srpski Sunda Svenska Kiswahili ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ Ślůnski தமிழ் తెలుగు Tetun Тоҷикӣ ไทย Türkmençe Tagalog Türkçe Xitsonga ChiTumbuka Українська اردو Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча Vèneto Tiếng Việt Winaray Wolof 吴语 IsiXhosa ייִדיש Yorùbá ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ 閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gí 粵語 中文 Gyara hanyoyin mahaɗar Shafi Tattaunawa Hausa Karanta Gyara Gyara masomi Duba tarihi Kayan aiki Tools move to sidebar hide Actions Karanta Gyara Gyara masomi Duba tarihi General Mahaɗan wannan shafi Canje-canje masu dangantaka Girke fayil Dawwamammen mahaɗi Bayani akan wannan shafin Buga wannan shafi Get shortened URL Switch to legacy parser Fitar/kaiwa waje Ƙirƙira littafin Sauke amatsayin PDF Sufar bugawa A sauran ayyukan Wikimedia Commons Wikispecies Abun Wikidata Appearance move to sidebar hide Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta. Tambarin Tambarin lambar ISBN Lamban Ƙididdigar Littafin Ƙasa ta Duniya ( ISBN ) mai gano littafin kasuwanci ne na lambobi wanda aka yi niyya ya zama na musamman. [lower-alpha 1] [lower-alpha 2] Masu bugawa suna siya ko karɓar ISBNs daga wata alaƙa ta Hukumar ISBN ta Duniya. ISBN Ana bada ISBN ga kowane bugu na daban da bambancin (banda Wanda aka sake bugawa) na ɗaba'ar. Misali, littafin e-littafi, takarda da takarda mai kauri da bugu na littafi guda daya dole kowannensu ya sami ISBN daban. ISBN yana da tsayin lambobi goma idan aka sanya su kafin 2007, kuma tsayin lambobi goma sha uku idan aka sanya su a ranar 1 ga Janairu 2007 ko bayan haka. "}},"i":0}}]}'>[lower-alpha 3] Hanyar sanya ISBN ta keɓance ƙasa ce kuma ta bambanta tsakanin ƙasashe, galibi ya danganta da girman masana'antar buga littattafai a cikin ƙasa. An ƙirƙiri tsarin gano farkon ISBN a cikin 1967, bisa lambobi 9 na Ma'auni na Litattafai ( SBN ) da aka ƙirƙira a 1966. Ƙungiyar ISBN mai lamba 10 ta ƙirƙira ta Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya (ISO) kuma an buga shi a cikin 1970 a matsayin daidaitattun ISO 2108 na duniya (ana iya canza lambar SBN mai lamba 9 zuwa ISBN mai lamba 10 ta hanyar prefixing shi da sifili) . Littattafai masu zaman kansu wani lokaci suna fitowa ba tare da ISBN ba. Hukumar ISBN ta kasa da kasa a wasu lokutan tana baiwa irin wadannan littafai ISBN da kanta. [2] Wani mai ganowa, International Standard Serial Number (ISSN), yana gano wallafe-wallafen lokaci-lokaci kamar mujallu da jaridu . Lambar Kiɗa ta Ƙasashen Duniya (ISMN) ta ƙunshi maki na kiɗan . Tarihi [gyara sashe | gyara masomin] The Standard Book Number (SBN) tsarin kasuwanci ne dake amfani da lambobin lambobi tara don gano littattafai. A cikin 1965, dillalin litattafai na Burtaniya da ma'aikatan tashar WHSmith sun sanar da shirye-shiryen aiwatar da daidaitaccen tsarin ƙididdigewa ga littattafansa. Sun dauki hayar masu bada shawara don yin aiki a madadinsu, kuma Gordon Foster, farfesa a fannin kididdiga a Kwalejin Trinity Dublin ya tsara tsarin. Kwamitin Fasaha na Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya (ISO) akan Takardu ya nemi daidaita SBN na Burtaniya don amfani da ƙasashen duniya. An kirkiro tsarin gano ISBN a cikin 1967 a cikin Burtaniya ta David Whitaker [3] (wanda ake kasafta shi da "Uban ISBN") kuma a cikin 1968 a Amurka ta Emery Koltay [4] daga baya ya zama darektan hukumar ISBN ta Amurka RR Bowker ). [5] Tsarin ISBN mai lamba 10 ISO ne ya samar dashi kuma an buga shi a cikin 1970 a matsayin daidaitattun ISO 2108 na duniya Ƙasar Ingila taci gaba da amfani da lambar SBN mai lamba tara har zuwa 1974. ISO ta nada Hukumar ISBN ta kasa da kasa a matsayin hukumar rijistar ISBN a duk duniya kuma an samar da ma'aunin ISBN karkashin kulawar kwamitin fasaha na ISO 46/Kwamitin 9 TC 46/SC 9 . Kayan aikin kan layi na ISO kawai yana nufin 1978. Jimlar yawan rajistar ISBN. 2020 Ana iya canza SBN zuwa ISBN ta hanyar sanya lambobi "0". Misali, bugu na biyu na Mista JG Reeder Returns, wanda Hodder ya buga a 1965, yana da "SBN 340 01381 8", inda "340" ke nuna mawallafin, "01381" shine lambar serial da mawallafin ya sanya, da "8". " shine lambar cak . Ta hanyar sanya sifili, ana iya canza wannan zuwa  ; lambar cak ɗin baya buƙatar sake ƙirgawa. Wasu mawallafa, irin su Ballantine Books, wani lokaci za su yi amfani da SBN mai lamba 12 inda lambobi uku na ƙarshe suka nuna farashin littafin; misali, Woodstock Handmade Houses suna da Madaidaicin Littafin Lambobin Lambobi 12 na 345-24223-8-595 (SBN mai inganci: 345-24223-8, ISBN : 0-345-24223-8), da ya kai US$5.95 . Tun daga 1 ga Janairu 2007, ISBNs sun ƙunshi lambobi goma sha uku, tsarin da ya dace da " Littafi Mai Tsarki " Lambobin Labari na Turai, waɗanda ke da lambobi 13. {Asar Amirka, tare da ISBN miliyan 3.9 masu rijista a cikin 2020, ita ce mafi girma mai amfani da gano ISBN a cikin 2020, sai kuma Jamhuriyar Koriya (329,582), Jamus (284,000), China (263,066), Birtaniya (188,553) ) da Indonesia (144,793). ISBN na rayuwa masu rijista a Amurka sun haura miliyan 39 a cikin 2020. Dubawa [gyara sashe | gyara masomin] Ana sanya ISBN daban ga kowane bugu da bambancin (ban da sake bugawa) na ɗaba'ar. Misali, ebook, audiobook, paperback, da hardcover bugu na littafi daya dole kowannensu ya sami ISBN daban da aka sanya masa. :12ISBN tana da lambobi goma sha uku idan aka sanya su a ranar 1 ga Janairu 2007 ko bayan haka, kuma tsayin lambobi goma idan aka sanya su kafin 2007. [lower-alpha 3] Adadin Littafi Mai-Tsarki na Duniya ya ƙunshi sassa huɗu (idan ISBN mai lamba 10 ne) ko sassa biyar (don ISBN mai lamba 13). Sashe na 5 na littafin jagorar mai amfani na Hukumar ISBN ta Duniya :11ya bayyana tsarin ISBN mai lamba 13, kamar haka: Sassan ISBN mai lamba 10 da EAN-13 masu dacewa da lambar barcode. Kula da lambobi daban-daban a kowane. Bangaren EAN-13 mai lakabin "EAN" shine lambar ƙasar Bookland . don ISBN mai lamba 13, wani yanki na prefix - prefix na GS1 : ya zuwa yanzu 978 ko 979 GS1 sun samar da su, rukunin rukunin rajista (Rukunin ƙasar masu raba harshe, ƙasa ɗaya ko yanki), [lower-alpha 4] element na rejista , bangaren buga, da harafin checksum ko duba lambobi . Ana iya raba ISBN mai lamba 13 zuwa sassansa ( prefix element, rukunin rajista, mai rijista, bugawa da kuma duba lambobi ), kuma idan an yi haka ya zama al'ada a raba sassan tare da sarƙaƙƙiya ko sarari. Rarraba sassan ( Rukunin rajista, mai rijista, bugawa da rajistan lambobi ) na ISBN mai lamba 10 kuma ana yin su tare da saƙa ko sarari. Gano yadda za a raba daidai ISBN da aka bayar yana da wahala, saboda yawancin sassan ba sa amfani da tsayayyen adadin lambobi. {{cite web|url=https://www.isbn-international.org/range_file_generation|title=ISBN Ranges|date=2014|publisher=International ISBN Agency|access-date=29 April 2014|archive-date=29 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429101326/https://www.isbn-international.org/range_file_generation|url-status=live}}</ref> The actual definition for hyphenation contains more than 220 different registration group elements with each one broken down into a few to several ranges for the length of the registrant element (more than 1,000 total). The document defining the ranges, listed by agency, is 29 pages."}},"i":0}}]}'>[lower-alpha 5] Tsarin bayarwa [gyara sashe | gyara masomin] Bayar da ISBN ya shafi kasa ne, ta yadda hukumar ISBN ke bayar da rajistar da ke da alhakin wannan kasa ko yankin ba tare da la’akari da yaren bugawa ba. Matsalolin ISBN da aka keɓe ga kowace ƙasa sun dogara ne akan bayanan buga ƙasar da abin ya shafa, don haka jeri zai bambanta dangane da adadin littattafai da lamba, nau'in, da girman mawallafin da ke aiki. Wasu hukumomin rajista na ISBN suna zaune ne a dakunan karatu na kasa ko kuma a cikin ma’aikatun al’adu don haka za su iya samun tallafin kai tsaye daga gwamnati don tallafa musu. A wasu lokuta kuma, ƙungiyoyi irin su masu samar da bayanan littattafan da ba gwamnati ba ne ke ba da sabis ɗin rajista na ISBN. Ana samun cikakken tarihin hukumomin ISBN akan gidan yanar gizon Hukumar ISBN ta Duniya. An ba da jerin sunayen ƙasashe kaɗan a ƙasa: Ostiraliya - Thorpe-Bowker Brazil – The National Library of Brazil ; (Har zuwa 28 ga Fabrairu, 2020) Brazil - Câmara Brasileira do Livro (Daga 1 ga Maris 2020) [7] Kanada - Laburare na Turanci da Archives Kanada, hukumar gwamnati; Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec</link> ; Colombia – Cámara Colombiana del Libro, kungiya ce mai zaman kanta Hong Kong - Ofishin Rajistan Littattafai (BRO), a ƙarƙashin Laburaren Jama'a na Hong Kong Iceland - Landsbókasafn ( Laburaren Ƙasa da Jami'ar Iceland ) Indiya – Hukumar Raja Rammohun Roy ta kasa ta ISBN (Rashin Inganta Littattafai da Haƙƙin mallaka), ƙarƙashin Sashen Ilimi mai zurfi, wani yanki na Ma’aikatar Raya Albarkatun Bil Adama Isra'ila - Cibiyar dakunan karatu na Isra'ila Italiya – EDISER srl, mallakar Associazione Italiana Editori (Ƙungiyar Mawallafa ta Italiya) Kenya - National Library na Kenya Lebanon - Hukumar ISBN ta Lebanon Maldives - Ofishin Rabe-rabe na Kasa (NBC) Malta - Majalisar Littattafai ta Kasa ( Maltese: </link> Maroko - National Library of Morocco New Zealand - Laburaren Ƙasa na New Zealand Najeriya – National Library of Nigeria Pakistan – National Library of Pakistan Philippines - Laburaren Kasa na Philippines Afirka ta Kudu - National Library na Afirka ta Kudu Spain - Hukumar ISBN ta Spain - Agencia del ISBN Turkiyya - Ba…