N'Djamena - Wikipedia

N'Djamena - Wikipedia Jump to content Main menu Main menu move to sidebar hide Navigation Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Contribute Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file Special pages Search Search Appearance Donate Create account Log in Personal tools Donate Create account Log in Contents move to sidebar hide (Top) 1 Etymology 2 History Toggle History subsection 2.1 Early 20th century 2.2 Late 20th century 2.3 21st century 3 Geography 4 Climate 5 Economy 6 Culture 7 Education 8 Places of worship 9 Government 10 Transport Toggle Transport subsection 10.1 Road 10.2 Airport 10.3 River travel 10.4 Railway 11 Twin cities 12 Notes 13 References Toggle References subsection 13.1 Citations 13.2 Sources 14 External links Toggle the table of contents N'Djamena 145 languages Afrikaans አማርኛ Aragonés العربية مصرى Asturianu Kotava Azərbaycanca تۆرکجه Башҡортса Basa Bali Bikol Central Беларуская (тарашкевіца) Беларуская Български বাংলা བོད་ཡིག Brezhoneg Bosanski Català 閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄ Нохчийн Cebuano کوردی Čeština Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Ελληνικά Esperanto Español Eesti Euskara Estremeñu فارسی Suomi Français Arpetan Nordfriisk Frysk Gaeilge Gàidhlig Galego Avañe'ẽ Hausa 客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî עברית हिन्दी Fiji Hindi Hrvatski Hornjoserbsce Kreyòl ayisyen Magyar Հայերեն Interlingua Bahasa Indonesia Interlingue Ido Íslenska Italiano 日本語 Jawa ქართული Taqbaylit Kabɩyɛ Kongo Kumoring Gĩkũyũ Қазақша Yerwa Kanuri 한국어 Kurdî Kernowek Кыргызча Latina Lëtzebuergesch Ligure Lombard Lingála Lietuvių Latviešu Мокшень Malagasy Minangkabau Македонски മലയാളം मराठी Кырык мары Bahasa Melayu مازِرونی Nederlands Norsk nynorsk Norsk bokmål Diné bizaad Occitan Livvinkarjala Ирон ਪੰਜਾਬੀ Papiamentu Polski Piemontèis پنجابی پښتو Português Runa Simi Română Русский Sardu Sicilianu Scots سنڌي Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Simple English Slovenčina Slovenščina Anarâškielâ ChiShona Soomaaliga Shqip Српски / srpski Svenska Kiswahili Ślůnski தமிழ் Тоҷикӣ ไทย Tagalog Tolışi Türkçe Удмурт Українська اردو Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча Vèneto Vepsän kel’ Tiếng Việt Winaray Wolof 吴语 მარგალური ייִדיש Yorùbá 閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gí 粵語中文 Edit links Article Talk English Read Edit View history Tools Tools move to sidebar hide Actions Read Edit View history General What links here Related changes Upload file Permanent link Page information Cite this page Get shortened URL Switch to legacy parser Print/export Download as PDF Printable version In other projects Wikimedia Commons Wikivoyage Wikidata item Appearance move to sidebar hide Coordinates: 12°06′19″N 15°02′41″E / 12.10528°N 15.04472°E / 12.10528; 15.04472 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Capital and largest city of Chad \n","href":"./Template:Infobox_settlement"},"params":{"official_name":{"wt":"N'Djamena"},"native_name":{"wt":"{{native name|fr|N'Djaména}} {{native name|ar|انجمينا}}"},"other_name":{"wt":"Fort-Lamy"},"settlement_type":{"wt":"[[Capital city]] and [[Provinces of Chad|Special Status Province]]\n"},"image_skyline":{"wt":"{{multiple image\n | border = infobox\n | total_width = 300\n | perrow = 1/2/2/2\n | image1 = National Museum and National Library of Chad in N'Djamena - 2014-10-01 a.jpg\n | caption1 = N'Djamena skyline\n | image2 = Building_of_National_Assembly_DJAMENA.jpg\n | caption2 = The [[National Assembly of Chad|National Assembly]]\n | image3 = Place de la Nation - N'djamena.jpg\n | caption3 = Nation Square (''Place de la Nation'')\n | image4 = Faculté de droit et sciences économiques - université de N'Djaména (2019).png\n | caption4 = [[University of N'Djamena|University of N'Djamena]]\n | image5 = Mairie de la ville de N'djamena.jpg\n | caption5 = City Hall of N'Djamena\n | image6 = Musée national 2.jpg\n | caption6 = [[Chad National Museum|Chad National Museum]]\n }}"},"image_flag":{"wt":""},"image_seal":{"wt":""},"image_shield":{"wt":"N'Djamena coa.svg"},"nickname":{"wt":""},"motto":{"wt":""},"image_map":{"wt":""},"map_caption":{"wt":""},"pushpin_map":{"wt":"Chad#Africa"},"pushpin_relief":{"wt":"yes"},"pushpin_label_position":{"wt":"right"},"pushpin_mapsize":{"wt":"250"},"pushpin_map_caption":{"wt":""},"coordinates":{"wt":"{{Coord|12|06|19|N|15|02|41|E|region:TD-ND_type:city(807000)|display=inline,title}}"},"subdivision_type":{"wt":"Country"},"subdivision_name":{"wt":"{{flag|Chad}}"},"established_title":{"wt":""},"established_date":{"wt":""},"established_title2":{"wt":""},"established_date2":{"wt":""},"established_title3":{"wt":""},"established_date3":{"wt":""},"government_type":{"wt":""},"government_footnotes":{"wt":""},"leader_title":{"wt":""},"leader_name":{"wt":""},"area_footnotes":{"wt":""},"area_total_km2":{"wt":"104"},"area_metro_km2":{"wt":"166"},"area_water_km2":{"wt":""},"area_water_percent":{"wt":""},"elevation_footnotes":{"wt":""},"elevation_m":{"wt":"298\n"},"population_footnotes":{"wt":"<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&des=wg&geo=-205&srt=pnan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&va=&pt=a |title=World Gazetteer |access-date=2013-01-01 |archive-date=2013-05-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501213454/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&des=wg&geo=-205&srt=pnan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&va=&pt=a |url-status=dead }}</ref>"},"population_total":{"wt":"807000"},"population_as_of":{"wt":"2009 census"},"population_density_km2":{"wt":"9148"},"population_est":{"wt":"721,081"},"pop_est_as_of":{"wt":"2022"},"pop_est_footnotes":{"wt":"<ref name=\"k255\">{{cite web | title=N'Djamena, Chad Population (2026) | website=Population Stat | date=2022-03-11 | url=https://populationstat.com/chad/n-djamena | access-date=2026-07-30}}</ref>"},"population_urban":{"wt":"1,697,201"},"population_urban_footnotes":{"wt":"<ref name=\"w478\">{{cite web | title=N'Djamena Population 2026 | website=World Population Review | date=2026-07-30 | url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/cities/chad/ndjamena | access-date=2026-07-30}}</ref>"},"population_metro":{"wt":"1,794,000"},"population_metro_footnotes":{"wt":"<ref name=\"u722\">{{cite web | title=NDjamena, Chad Metro Area Population (1950-2026) | website=MacroTrends | url=https://www.macrotrends.net/global-metrics/cities/20420/ndjamena/population | access-date=2026-07-30}}</ref>"},"population_density_metro_km2":{"wt":""},"population_rank":{"wt":"1st in Chad"},"population_note":{"wt":""},"timezone":{"wt":"[[West Africa Time|WAT]]"},"utc_offset":{"wt":"+01:00"},"timezone_DST":{"wt":""},"postal_code_type":{"wt":""},"postal_code":{"wt":""},"area_code":{"wt":"235"},"iso_code":{"wt":"TD-ND"},"website":{"wt":""},"flag_size":{"wt":"123px"},"blank_name_sec1":{"wt":"[[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2023)"},"blank_info_sec1":{"wt":"0.553<ref name=\"GlobalDataLab\">{{cite web |url= https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/table/shdi/TCD/?levels=1+4&years=2022&interpolation=0&extrapolation=0|title=Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab |website=hdi.globaldatalab.org |access-date=2025-05-31}}</ref> {{color|#fc0|medium}} · [[List of regions of Chad by Human Development Index|1st]]"}},"i":0}}]}'>Capital city and Special Status Province in Chad N'Djamena N'Djaména (French) انجمينا (Arabic) Fort-Lamy Capital city and Special Status Province N'Djamena skyline The National Assembly Nation Square (Place de la Nation) University of N'Djamena City Hall of N'Djamena Chad National Museum Coat of arms N'Djamena Location within Chad Show map of Chad N'Djamena Location within Africa Show map of Africa Coordinates: 12°06′19″N 15°02′41″E / 12.10528°N 15.04472°E / 12.10528; 15.04472[[Geographic coordinate system|Coordinates]]: {{#parsoid\u0000fragment:14}}[https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=N%27Djamena&params=12_06_19_N_15_02_41_E_region:TD-ND_type:city(807000) 12°06′19″N 15°02′41″E / 12.10528°N 15.04472°E / 12.10528; 15.04472][[Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas]]"}}'/> Country Chad Area • Capital city and Special Status Province 104 km2 (40 sq mi) • Metro 166 km2 (64 sq mi) Elevation 298 m (978 ft) Population (2009 census)[1] • Capital city and Special Status Province 807,000 • Estimate (2022)[2] 721,081 • Rank 1st in Chad • Density 9,148/km2 (23,690/sq mi) • Urban[3] 1,697,201 • Metro[4] 1,794,000 Time zone UTC+01:00 (WAT) Area code 235 ISO 3166 code TD-ND HDI (2023) 0.553[5] medium · 1st N'Djamena[a] (English: /əndʒɑːˈmeɪnə/ ⓘ ən-jah-MAY-nə[6][7]) is the capital and largest city of Chad. It is also a Special Status Province, divided into 10 districts or arrondissements. Originally called Fort-Lamy, it was founded in 1900 by the French during their colonization of Central Africa. The city was renamed N'Djamena in 1973, reflecting its local Chadian heritage. Throughout its history, N'Djamena has grown from a small trading hub into the political and economic center of Chad, playing a vital role in the country's development. Its strategic location near the borders of Cameroon and Nigeria has historically made it an important crossroads for trade and cultural exchange in the region.[8] N'Djamena is situated on the Chari River in the southwestern part of Chad, near Lake Chad. The city lies within a semi-arid region characterized by a hot climate with a distinct dry season. Its location on the river provides vital water resources for agriculture and daily life, although the surrounding landscape is largely flat and arid. The city's proximity to Lake Chad also influences its climate and ecology, making it an important area for both local agriculture and regional trade. The geography of N'Djamena has shaped its development as a key urban center in Chad,[9] with its strategic position contributing to its historical and economic significance. The city serves as the centre of economic activity in Chad. Meat, fish and cotton processing are the chief industries, and it is a regional market for livestock, salt, dates, and grains. It is a port city located at the confluence of the Logone River with the Chari River, forming a transborder agglomeration with the city of Kousséri (in Cameroon), capital of the Department of Logone-et-Chari, which is on the west bank of both rivers.[10] Etymology [edit] The name "N'Djamena" is derived from the Arabic term "Niǧāmīnā" (نجامينا), meaning "place of rest" or "place of peace".[11] Before its renaming in 1973, the city was known as Fort-Lamy, named after French ar…