Fungi - Wikipédia Cebur nuju daging Menu utama Menu utama gingsirang nuju sidebar engkebang Navigasi Kaca utama Kori sekaa Uahan sané mangkin Kaca ulah-aluh Wantuan Pasangkepan Rereh Rereh Tampilan Mapunia Kardi akun Manjing log Pekakas praragan Mapunia Kardi akun Manjing log Daging gingsirang nuju sidebar engkebang Pamahbah 1 Cingak malih 2 Pustaka Maalih subséksi Pustaka 2.1 Lis pustaka Maalih ''daftar isi'' Fungi 190 basa Afrikaans Alemannisch አማርኛ Aragonés अंगिका العربية الدارجة مصرى অসমীয়া Asturianu Atikamekw Azərbaycanca تۆرکجه Башҡортса Boarisch Žemaitėška Bikol Central Беларуская (тарашкевіца) Беларуская Български বাংলা Brezhoneg Bosanski Буряад Català 閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄ Cebuano ᏣᎳᎩ کوردی Corsu Qırımtatarca Čeština Kaszëbsczi Чӑвашла Cymraeg Dansk Dagbanli Deutsch Dolnoserbski Ελληνικά Emiliàn e rumagnòl English Esperanto Español Eesti Euskara Estremeñu فارسی Suomi Võro Føroyskt Français Nordfriisk Frysk Gaeilge Kriyòl gwiyannen Gàidhlig Galego گیلکی Avañe'ẽ Gaelg 客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî עברית हिन्दी Fiji Hindi Hrvatski Hornjoserbsce Kreyòl ayisyen Magyar Հայերեն Արեւմտահայերէն Interlingua Bahasa Indonesia Interlingue Ilokano ГӀалгӀай Íslenska Italiano 日本語 Patois Jawa ქართული Gĩkũyũ Қазақша ಕನ್ನಡ Yerwa Kanuri 한국어 Kurdî Kernowek Кыргызча Latina Lëtzebuergesch Лезги Lingua Franca Nova Limburgs Ligure Ladin Lombard Lingála Lietuvių Latviešu Мокшень Malagasy Македонски മലയാളം Монгол मराठी Bahasa Melayu မြန်မာဘာသာ Эрзянь مازِرونی Nāhuatl Napulitano Plattdüütsch नेपाली नेपाल भाषा Li Niha Nederlands Norsk nynorsk Norsk bokmål Diné bizaad Occitan Livvinkarjala Oromoo Ирон ਪੰਜਾਬੀ Kapampangan Polski Piemontèis پنجابی پښتو Português Runa Simi Română Русский Русиньскый संस्कृतम् Саха тыла Sardu Sicilianu Scots سنڌي Davvisámegiella Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Taclḥit සිංහල Simple English Slovenčina Slovenščina Anarâškielâ Soomaaliga Shqip Српски / srpski Seeltersk Sunda Svenska Kiswahili Ślůnski தமிழ் ತುಳು తెలుగు Тоҷикӣ ไทย Tagalog Lea faka-Tonga Toki pona Türkçe Татарча / tatarça Удмурт ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche Українська اردو Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча Vèneto Tiếng Việt Volapük Walon Winaray 吴语 Хальмг IsiXhosa მარგალური ייִדיש Yorùbá Vahcuengh 文言 閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gí 粵語 中文 IsiZulu Uah pranala Kaca Pabligbagan Basa Bali Basa Bali ᬩᬲᬩᬮᬶ ban-x-dharma ban-x-palmleaf ban-x-pku Wacén Uah Uah wit Cingak babad Piranti Piranti gingsirang nuju sidebar engkebang Parilaksana Wacén Uah Uah wit Cingak babad Umum Pranala iriki Uahan mapaiketan Unggahang berkas Pranala ajeg Pidarta kaca Anggit kaca puniki Ambil URL cutet Beralih ke parser lama Cétak/ékspor Kardi cakepan Unduh PDF Vérsi cétak Ring proyék lianan Wikimédia Commons Wikispésiés Item Wikidata Tampilan gingsirang nuju sidebar engkebang Saking Wikipédia Suratan puniki nénten indik jamur. {{rentang fosil|410|0|}}"},"image":{"wt":"Fungi collage.jpg"},"image_width":{"wt":"280px"},"image_caption":{"wt":"Searah jarum jam dari kiri atas: {{plainlist|\n*''[[Amanita muscaria]]'', sejenis basidiomycete;\n*''[[Sarcoscypha coccinea]]'', sejenis ascomycete;\n*roti yang ditumbuhi [[jamur]];\n*sejenis [[Chytridiomycota|chytrid]];\n*''[[Aspergillus]]'', sejenis [[conidiophore]].}}"},"image_alt":{"wt":"A collage of five fungi (clockwise from top left): a mushroom with a flat, red top with white-spots, and a white stem growing on the ground; a red cup-shaped fungus growing on wood; a stack of green and white moldy bread slices on a plate; a microscopic, spherical grey-colored semitransparent cell, with a smaller spherical cell beside it; a microscopic view of an elongated cellular structure shaped like a microphone, attached to the larger end is a number of smaller roughly circular elements that collectively form a mass around it"},"domain":{"wt":"[[Eukarya]]"},"unranked_regnum":{"wt":"[[Opisthokonta]]"},"regnum":{"wt":"Fungi"},"regnum_authority":{"wt":"([[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]]) [[Royall T. Moore|R. T. Moore]]<ref name=Moore1980/>"},"subdivision_ranks":{"wt":"Subkerajaan/Filum/Subfilum<ref>Sistem klasifikasi berikut ini berdasarkan studi filogenetik tahun 2007 oleh Hibbett ''et al''.</ref>"},"subdivision":{"wt":": [[Blastocladiomycota]]\n: [[Chytridiomycota]]\n: [[Glomeromycota]]\n: [[Microsporidia]]\n: [[Neocallimastigomycota]]\n[[Dikarya]] (inc. [[Deuteromycota]]){{br}}\n: [[Ascomycota]]\n:: [[Pezizomycotina]]\n:: [[Saccharomycotina]]\n:: [[Taphrinomycotina]]\n: [[Basidiomycota]]\n:: [[Agaricomycotina]]\n:: [[Pucciniomycotina]]\n:: [[Ustilaginomycotina]]\nSubfilum [[Incertae sedis]]\n: [[Entomophthormycota]]\n: [[Kickxellomycotina]]\n: [[Mucoromycotina]]\n: [[Zoopagomycotina]]"}},"i":0}}]}'> Fungi Temporal range: Devon Awal–mangkin PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N Searah jarum jam dari kiri atas: Amanita muscaria, sejenis basidiomycete; Sarcoscypha coccinea, sejenis ascomycete; roti yang ditumbuhi jamur; sejenis chytrid; Aspergillus, sejenis conidiophore. Klasifikasi ilmiah Domain Eukarya (ten wénten takson) Opisthokonta Krajaan Fungi (Linnaeus) R. T. Moore[1] Subkerajaan/Filum/Subfilum[2] Blastocladiomycota Chytridiomycota Glomeromycota Microsporidia Neocallimastigomycota Dikarya (inc. Deuteromycota) Ascomycota Pezizomycotina Saccharomycotina Taphrinomycotina Basidiomycota Agaricomycotina Pucciniomycotina Ustilaginomycotina Subfilum Incertae sedis Entomophthormycota Kickxellomycotina Mucoromycotina Zoopagomycotina Fungi inggih punika sawilang anggota saking sekaa kauripan eukariotik sané ngacakupin mikroorganisme minakadi ragi lan kapang, taler oong sané langkung katah. Organisme puniki kaklasifikasiyang dados krajaan,[3] mabinayan saking krajaan eukariotik liyanan, sané mawit asiki klasifikasi tradisional, rumasuk Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, lan Chromista. Cingak malih [uah | uah wit] Oong Hifa Spora Pustaka [uah | uah wit] {{cite journal | vauthors=Bowman SM, Free SJ | title=The structure and synthesis of the fungal cell wall | journal=BioEssays | volume=28 | issue=8 | pages=799–808 | date=August 2006 | pmid=16927300 | doi=10.1002/bies.20441 }}</ref>\n\n<ref name=Bruns2006>{{cite journal | vauthors=Bruns T | title=Evolutionary biology: a kingdom revised | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_2006-10-19_443_7113/page/758 | journal=Nature | volume=443 | issue=7113 | pages=758–61 | date=October 2006 | pmid=17051197 | doi=10.1038/443758a | bibcode=2006Natur.443..758B }}</ref>\n\n<ref name=Brem2008>{{cite journal | vauthors=Brem FM, Lips KR | title=Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection patterns among Panamanian amphibian species, habitats and elevations during epizootic and enzootic stages | journal=Diseases of Aquatic Organisms | volume=81 | issue=3 | pages=189–202 | date=September 2008 | pmid=18998584 | doi=10.3354/dao01960 }}</ref>\n\n<ref name=Lucking2017>{{Cite book | vauthors=Hawksworth DL, Lücking R | title=Fungal Diversity Revisited: 2.2 to 3.8 Million Species | journal=Microbiology Spectrum | volume=5 | issue=4 | pages=79–95 | date=July 2017 | pmid=28752818 | doi=10.1128/microbiolspec.FUNK-0052-2016 | isbn=9781555819576 }}</ref>\n\n<ref name=Alcamo2004>{{cite book | vauthors=Alcamo IE, Pommerville J |title=Alcamo's Fundamentals of Microbiology | url=https://archive.org/details/alcamosfundament0000pomm |publisher=Jones and Bartlett |location=Boston, Massachusetts |year=2004 |page=[https://archive.org/details/alcamosfundament0000pomm/page/590 590] |isbn=978-0-7637-0067-6}}</ref>\n\n<ref name=Brodie1975>{{cite book | vauthors=Brodie HJ |title=The Bird's Nest Fungi |publisher=University of Toronto Press |location=Toronto, Ontario |year=1975 |isbn=978-0-8020-5307-7 |page=80}}</ref>\n\n<ref name=Brundrett2002>{{cite journal | vauthors=Brundrett MC |year=2002 |title=Coevolution of roots and mycorrhizas of land plants | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-phytologist_2002-05_154_2/page/275 |journal=New Phytologist |volume=154 |issue=2 |pages=275–304 |doi=10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00397.x}}</ref>\n\n<ref name=Blackwell2004>{{cite book | vauthors=Blackwell M, Spatafora JW |veditors=Bills GF, Mueller GM, Foster MS |chapter=Fungi and their allies |title=Biodiversity of Fungi: Inventory and Monitoring Methods | url=https://archive.org/details/biodiversityfung00fost |publisher=Elsevier Academic Press |location=Amsterdam |year=2004 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/biodiversityfung00fost/page/n26 18]–20 |isbn=978-0-12-509551-8}}</ref>\n\n<ref name=Barea2005>{{cite journal | vauthors=Barea JM, Pozo MJ, Azcón R, Azcón-Aguilar C | title=Microbial co-operation in the rhizosphere | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-experimental-botany_2005-07_56_417/page/1761 | journal=Journal of Experimental Botany | volume=56 | issue=417 | pages=1761–78 | date=July 2005 | pmid=15911555 | doi=10.1093/jxb/eri197 }}</ref>\n\n<ref name=Aanen2006>{{cite journal | vauthors=Aanen DK | title=As you reap, so shall you sow: coupling of harvesting and inoculating stabilizes the mutualism between termites and fungi | journal=Biology Letters | volume=2 | issue=2 | pages=209–12 | date=June 2006 | pmid=17148364 | pmc=1618886 | doi=10.1098/rsbl.2005.0424 }}</ref>\n\n<ref name=Arnold2003>{{cite journal | vauthors=Arnold AE, Mejía LC, Kyllo D, Rojas EI, Maynard Z, Robbins N, Herre EA | title=Fungal endophytes limit pathogen damage in a tropical tree | journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume=100 | issue=26 | pages=15649–54 | date=December 2003 | pmid=14671327 | pmc=307622 | doi=10.1073/pnas.2533483100 | bibcode=2003PNAS..10015649A }}</ref>\n\n<ref name=\"Baldauf1993\">{{cite journal | vauthors=Baldauf SL, Palmer JD | title=Animals and fungi are each other's closest relatives: congruent evidence from multiple proteins | journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume=90 | issue=24 | pages=11558–62 | date=December 1993 | pmid=8265589 | pmc=48023 | doi=10.1073/pnas.90.24.11558 | bibcode=1993PNAS...9011558B }}</ref>\n\n<ref name=Bonfante2003>{{cite journal | vauthors=Bonfante P | title=Plants, mycorrhizal fungi and endobacteria: a dialog among cells and genomes | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_biological-bulletin_2003-04_204_2/page/215 | journal=The Biological Bulletin | volume=204 | issue=2 | pages=215–20 | date=April 2003 | pmid=12700157 | doi=10.2307/1543562 | jstor=1543562 }}</ref>\n\n<ref name=Brodo2001>{{cite book |title=Lichens of North America |url=https://archive.org/details/lichensofnortham0000brod | vauthors=Brodo IM, Sharnoff SD |year=2001 |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven, Connecticut |isbn=978-0-300-08249-4}}</ref>\n\n<ref name=Brakhage2005>{{cite journal | vauthors=Brakhage AA | title=Systemic fungal infections caused by Aspergillus species: epidemiology, infection process and virulence determinants | journal=Current Drug Targets | volume=6 | issue=8 | pages=875–86 | date=December 2005 | pmid=16375671 | doi=10.2174/138945005774912717 }}</ref>\n\n<ref name=Brakhage2004>{{Cite book | vauthors=Brakhage AA, Spröte P, Al-Abdallah Q, Gehrke A, Plattner H, Tüncher A | title=Regulation of penicillin biosynthesis in filamentous fungi | volume=88 | pages=45–90 | year=2004 | pmid=15719552 | doi=10.1007/b99257 | series=Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology | isbn=978-3-540-22032-9 }}</re…