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NVD MENU General Expand or Collapse NVD Dashboard News and Status Updates FAQ Visualizations Legal Disclaimer Vulnerabilities Expand or Collapse Search & Statistics Weakness Types Data Feeds Vendor Comments CVMAP Vulnerability Metrics Expand or Collapse CVSS v4.0 Calculators CVSS v3.x Calculators CVSS v2.0 Calculator Products Expand or Collapse CPE Dictionary CPE Search CPE Statistics SWID Developers Expand or Collapse Start Here Request an API Key Vulnerabilities Products Data Sources Terms of Use Contact NVD Other Sites Expand or Collapse Checklist (NCP) Repository Configurations (CCE) 800-53 Controls SCAP Search Expand or Collapse Vulnerability Search CPE Search Information Technology Laboratory National Vulnerability Database National Vulnerability Database NVD Vulnerabilities NVD CWE Slice The Common Weakness Enumeration Specification (CWE) provides a common language of discourse for discussing, finding and dealing with the causes of software security vulnerabilities as they are found in code, design, or system architecture. Each individual CWE represents a single vulnerability type. CWE is currently maintained by the MITRE Corporation. A detailed CWE list is currently available at the MITRE website; this list provides a detailed definition for each individual CWE. All individual CWEs are held within a hierarchical structure that allows for multiple levels of abstraction. CWEs located at higher levels of the structure (i.e. Configuration ) provide a broad overview of a vulnerability type and can have many children CWEs associated with them. CWEs at deeper levels in the structure (i.e. Cross Site Scripting ) provide a finer granularity and usually have fewer or no children CWEs. The image to the right represents a portion of the overall CWE structure, the red boxes represent the CWEs being used by NVD. Clicking the image to the right will open an enlarged version for viewing. NVD integrates CWE into the scoring of CVE vulnerabilities by providing a cross section of the overall CWE structure. NVD analysts score CVEs using CWEs from different levels of the hierarchical structure. This cross section of CWEs allows analysts to score CVEs at both a fine and coarse granularity, which is necessary due to the varying levels of specificity possessed by different CVEs. The cross section of CWEs used by NVD is listed below; each CWE listed links to a detailed description hosted by MITRE. For a better understanding of how the standards link together please visit: MITRE - Making Security Measurable CWE is not currently part of the Security Content Automation Protocol (SCAP). NVD is using CWE as a classification mechanism that differentiates CVEs by the type of vulnerability they represent. Related Activities The Software Assurance Metrics and Tool Evaluation (SAMATE) Project, NIST. CWE-ID Name Description CWE-843 Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion') The program allocates or initializes a resource such as a pointer, object, or variable using one type, but it later accesses that resource using a type that is incompatible with the original type. CWE-824 Access of Uninitialized Pointer The program accesses or uses a pointer that has not been initialized. CWE-770 Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling The software allocates a reusable resource or group of resources on behalf of an actor without imposing any restrictions on the size or number of resources that can be allocated, in violation of the intended security policy for that actor. CWE-670 Always-Incorrect Control Flow Implementation The code contains a control flow path that does not reflect the algorithm that the path is intended to implement, leading to incorrect behavior any time this path is navigated. CWE-294 Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay A capture-replay flaw exists when the design of the software makes it possible for a malicious user to sniff network traffic and bypass authentication by replaying it to the server in question to the same effect as the original message (or with minor changes). CWE-290 Authentication Bypass by Spoofing This attack-focused weakness is caused by improperly implemented authentication schemes that are subject to spoofing attacks. CWE-639 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data. CWE-120 Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow') The program copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer, leading to a buffer overflow. CWE-312 Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information The application stores sensitive information in cleartext within a resource that might be accessible to another control sphere. CWE-319 Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information The software transmits sensitive or security-critical data in cleartext in a communication channel that can be sniffed by unauthorized actors. CWE-362 Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition') The program contains a code sequence that can run concurrently with other code, and the code sequence requires temporary, exclusive access to a shared resource, but a timing window exists in which the shared resource can be modified by another code sequence that is operating concurrently. CWE-352 Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) The web application does not, or can not, sufficiently verify whether a well-formed, valid, consistent request was intentionally provided by the user who submitted the request. CWE-502 Deserialization of Untrusted Data The application deserializes untrusted data without sufficiently verifying that the resulting data will be valid. CWE-425 Direct Request ('Forced Browsing') The web application does not adequately enforce appropriate authorization on all restricted URLs, scripts, or files. CWE-369 Divide By Zero The product divides a value by zero. CWE-415 Double Free The product calls free() twice on the same memory address, potentially leading to modification of unexpected memory locations. CWE-494 Download of Code Without Integrity Check The product downloads source code or an executable from a remote location and executes the code without sufficiently verifying the origin and integrity of the code. CWE-834 Excessive Iteration The software performs an iteration or loop without sufficiently limiting the number of times that the loop is executed. CWE-668 Exposure of Resource to Wrong Sphere The product exposes a resource to the wrong control sphere, providing unintended actors with inappropriate access to the resource. CWE-200 Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor The product exposes sensitive information to an actor that is not explicitly authorized to have access to that information. CWE-610 Externally Controlled Reference to a Resource in Another Sphere The product uses an externally controlled name or reference that resolves to a resource that is outside of the intended control sphere. CWE-552 Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties The product makes files or directories accessible to unauthorized actors, even though they should not be. CWE-209 Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information The software generates an error message that includes sensitive information about its environment, users, or associated data. CWE-287 Improper Authentication When an actor claims to have a given identity, the software does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct. CWE-295 Improper Certificate Validation The software does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate. CWE-273 Improper Check for Dropped Privileges The software attempts to drop privileges but does not check or incorrectly checks to see if the drop succeeded. CWE-754 Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions The software does not check or incorrectly checks for unusual or exceptional conditions that are not expected to occur frequently during day to day operation of the software. CWE-913 Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources The software does not properly restrict reading from or writing to dynamically-managed code resources such as variables, objects, classes, attributes, functions, or executable instructions or statements. CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') The software constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment. CWE-116 Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output The software prepares a structured message for communication with another component, but encoding or escaping of the data is either missing or done incorrectly. As a result, the intended structure of the message is not preserved. CWE-924 Improper Enforcement of Message Integrity During Transmission in a Communication Channel The software establishes a communication channel with an endpoint and receives a message from that endpoint, but it does not sufficiently ensure that the message was not modified during transmission. CWE-178 Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity The software does not properly account for differences in case sensitivity when accessing or determining the properties of a resource, leading to inconsistent results. CWE-755 Improper Handling of Exceptional Conditions The software does not handle or incorrectly handles an exceptional condition. CWE-665 Improper Initialization The software does not initialize or incorrectly initializes a resource, which might leave the resource in an unexpected state when it is accessed or used. CWE-20 Improper Input Validation The product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly. CWE-22 Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') The software uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the software does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory. CWE-59 Improper Link Resolution Before File Access ('Link Following') The software attempts to access a file based on the filename, but it does not properly prevent that filename from identifying a link or shortcut that resolves to an unintended resource. CWE-667 Improper Locking The software does not properly acquire or release a lock on a resource, leading to unexpected resource state changes and behaviors. CWE-88 Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection') The software constructs a string for a command to executed by a separate component in another control sphere, but it does not properly delimit the intended arguments, options, or switches within that command string. CWE-1236 Improper Neutralization of Formula Elements in a CSV File The software saves user-provided information into a Comma-Separated Value (CSV) file, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could be…